Improvement in the manufacture of paper-stock from wood



' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

P. A. CHADBOUBNE, OF WILLIAMSTOWN, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER-STOCK FROM WOOD.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 37,951, dated March 24, 1863.

.To all whom, t may concern.-

Beit known that I PAUL A. CHADBOURNE, of Williamstown, in the county of Berkshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Means for Manufacturing Paper-Stock from Wood 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specication, in which- Figure l is a side view of my invention, partly in section, Fig. 2, a transverse vertical section of the saine, taken in the line w x, Fig. l.

Similar letters ot reference indicate corresponding parts in the two gures.

This invention consists in raspin g, ling, or scraping wood while submerged in water, or saturated therewith by the action or ow of a stream, as hereinafter fully shown and described, whereby the ber of the wood is strengthened or made sufficiently tough to avoid injury by the action of the rasps or other tools employed in the reducing of the wood, and a perfect separation of the individual or ultimate fiber from several united or disconnected bers obtained, and the rasps or other tools also kept while in operation in a perfectly clear state or proper working order.

The object of the invention is to obtain a simple and economical means for reducing wood to its ultimate ber to form paper-stock that will be suitable for the immediate use of paper-manufacturers.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents a cistern, which may be made of any suitable dimensions; and B B are two -uprights, which are placed one at each end of the cistern A and at a short distance from it. The upper ends of the uprights B B are connected by a cross-bar, C, as shown clearly in Fig. l.

D is a horizontal shaft the journals of which are fitted in the nprights B B just below the cross-bar (l. This shaft D is provided with two cranks7 a a, which are connected by rods E E to a bar, F, the ends of the latter having tenons formed on them, which are iitted in grooves b, made vertically in the inner surfaces of the uprights B B, the tenons being allowed to slide freely up and down in the grooves b. To the bar F there are secured two springs, G G, which are of curved or bow form, and are secured transversely on the bar F, so as to project down a suitable distance at each side thereof, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. To the lower ends ofthe springs G G there are attached horizontal bars H H, which are parallel with the bar F, and to the bars H the upper ends ot' rasps, tiles, or scrapers I are permanently connected in an inclined position, those of one bar having a reverse position to those of the other, as will be seen by referring to Fig. l, in which the rasps of one bar, which are behind the wood to be operated upon, are shown by dotted lines.

J represents a log of wood which is sus pended between center points, c c', in the same way as articles to be turned are centered in a lathe. The point c is formed at the end of a screw, K, which passes through a tube, L, provided with an internal screw-thread, and the point c' is formed at the end of a rotating arbor, M, the bearings of which are one in an upright, B, and the other in a short upright, B. (See Fig. l.) On the arbor M there is placed a pulley, N, around which and a pulley, O, on the shaft D a belt, P, passes.

The operation is as follows: The cistern A is supplied with water, the level or surface of which should extend suiciently above the lower part of the log J to have a buoyant power upon the same and relieve the centerpoints c c of its weight. The arbor M is rotated by any convenient power, and a rotary motion is thereby given the log J, while an up-and-down movement is communicated to the rasps, tiles, or scrapers I against the log J, and as the former operate they detach the fiber from the log, and at points d d below the surface of the water. In consequence of having the log J thus acted upon while immersed. in the water several important results are attained, to wit: The water strengthens the fiber of the wood and prevents it being injured (cut or torn) by the action of the rasps, files, or scrapers, and it keeps the latter cleanthat is to tay, prevents them from being choked up or clogged by the fiber, a contingency which invariablyoccurs in rasping or filing dry wood or that which is partially saturated. The water also serves as a separator in the way, viz: The individual or ultimate fiber has a greater specific gravity than water, and will sink to the bottom of the cistern A, whereas if two "or more united, iibcrs are detached from thelog they'will oat on the surface of the water in consequence of air-cells between them. This fiber is skimmed off or removed from the surface of the water from time rto time. The fiber which jets upon the same, the pulp being allowed l toflow from the bottom of the cistern about as fast or in the'sanie ratio as the cistern isY supplied, so as to admit of the surface of the water in the cistern being retained at the proper height. This continuous supply of the water to the cistern and the discharge of tl epulp therefrom would probably be preferable.

By having the rasps, files, or cutters placed. in an oblique position they are made to .act more efciently up on or against the wood than if they were placed in a vertical position. l

I would remark that a modification ofthe above arrangement might be employed as follows: The log while being operated upon by the rasps, files,` or scrapers may be subjected to copious jets of water from Va perforated pipe or from a series of small pipes, soas to keep the rasps, tiles, or Scrapersv clean, and also tostrengthen the ber, the latter as separated from the log being carried away by the ow to any suitable reservoir prepared forits reception. ln this arrangement, however, the

log is deprived of 'thebuoyancy of the water, and some friction will consequently be encountered in the rotation of the log, as well as some difficulty in adjusting it between the center points, o c. The other advantages, however, are retained.

Warm water may be used in the cistern A, heated by steam-pipes or other suitable means.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire t'o secure by Letters Patent, is

--1. The inclined reciprocating rasps, files, or scrapers I, in combination with the rotating 'log J', placed between center points, c' c', and .within a cistern, A, all arranged to operate `as and for the purpose speciiied.

1 2. The attaching of the rasps, files, or Scrapers I to springs G, arranged substantially as show-n in relation with the log J, to insure the pressure of the rasps, files, or Scrapers against the log at all times during' the gradiially-diminishing diameter of the same.

, 3. The combination of the crankshaft D, connecting-rods E E, bar F, spring G, rasps, files, or Scrapers l, screw K, rotating arbor M, from ,which the shaft D is driven by a belt, P,

the log` J, and cistern A,'all arranged for joint operation, as and for .the purpose'spccied. 2' y PAUL A. CHADBOURNE.

' Witnesses: G. MORGAN SMITH,

A. W. INGRAHAM 

